|
Basque Center
BASQUE STUDIES
Tutorial Ph D
Minor
Online
Course Syllabi
Language
Lesson
1
Lesson
2
Lesson
3
Lesson
4
Verbs
Negatives
English
Ergative
Answers
|
|
Commands · Aginduak
Basque Language Lesson 4 · 4garren
ikasgaia
Verb · English translations
Ireki atea! · Open the door!
Piztu argiak! · Turn on the lights!
Itxi atea! · Close the door!
Ireki leihoa! · Open the window!
Eseri aulki handi hartan! · Sit down in that big
chair!
Itzali irratia! · Turn off the radio!
Piztu telebista! · Turn on the television!
Hartu boligrafoa eta papera! · Take the ballpoint and
the paper!
Idatzi gutuna! · Write a letter!
Ipini gutuna gutunazalean! · Put the letter in the
envelope!
Joan postetxera! · Go to the post
office!
Practicing the Recent Past · English
translation
Zer egin dut? (Or: Zer egin dut nik?) · What did I
do?
Gaur goizean esnatu naiz. · This morning I woke up.
Jaiki naiz. Ni jaiki naiz. · I got up.
Sukaldera joan naiz. Ni sukaldera joan naiz. · I went
to the kitchen.
Komunera joan naiz. Ni komunera joan naiz. · I went to
the bathroom.
Kafea hartu dut. Nik kafea hartu dut. · I had
coffee.
Note: In Basque, you say “I took coffee” but
you mean “I had coffee, I drank some
coffee”.
Gosaldu dut. Nik gosaldu dut. · I ate breakfast. (I
breakfasted.)
Telebista piztu dut. Nik telebista piztu dut. · I
turned on the television.
Papera hartu dut. Nik papera hartu dut. · I took (the
piece of) paper.
Gutuna idatzi dut. Nik gutuna idatzi dut. · I wrote a
letter.
Note: This sentence can also mean, “I wrote the
letter”, depending on context.
Making Negatives · English translation
Gaur goizean ez naiz esnatu. Gaur goizean ni ez naiz
esnatu.
This morning I did not wake up.
Ez naiz jaiki. Ni ez naiz jaiki.
I did not get up.
Ez naiz sukaldera joan. Ni ez naiz sukaldera
joan.
I did not go to the kitchen.
Ez naiz komunera joan. Ni ez naiz komunera joan.
I didn’t go to the bathroom.
Ez dut kafea hartu. Nik ez dut kafea hartu.
I didn’t have any coffee. (Literally: I did not take
coffee.)
Ez dut gosaldu. Nik ez dut gosaldu.
I didn’t eat breakfast. (Literally: I did not
breakfast....but we never say that in
English!
Ez dut telebista piztu. Nik ez dut telebista
piztu.
I did not turn on the television.
Ez dut papera hartu. Nik ez dut papera hartu.
I didn’t take (the piece of) paper.
Note: We have not yet learned how to say, “I
didn’t take any paper.” Also, “paper”
here is the kind you write on. “Newspaper” is
“egunkaria”.
Ez dut gutuna idatzi. Nik ez dut gutuna idatzi.
I didn’t write the letter.
Galderak eta erantzunak · Questions and
answers
The English translation
Esnatu zara gaur goizean? (Bai,...) · Did you wake up
this morning? (Yes,...)
Jaiki zara zu? (Bai,...) · Did you get up?
(Yes,...)
Zu sukaldera joan zara? (Ez,....) · Did you go to the
kitchen? (No,...)
Komunera joan zara? (Bai,....) · Did you go to the
bathroom? (toilet) (Yes,...)
Unibertsitatera joan zara zu? (Ez,...)· Did you go to
the university? (No,...)
Gosaldu duzu? (Ez,...) · Did you have breakfast?
Did you eat breakfast?
Zuk kafea hartu duzu? (Bai,...) · Did you have coffee?
(Did you drink coffee?)
Telebista piztu duzu? (Ez,...) · Did you turn on the
television?
Irratia piztu duzu zuk? (Bai,...) · Did you turn on the
radio?
Zuk papera hartu duzu? (Bai,...) · Did you take (a
piece of) paper?
Boligrafoa hartu duzu? (Ez,...) · Did you take a
ballpoint pen?
Gutuna idatzi duzu? (Ez,....) · Did you write the
letter?
Zer egin duzu? · What did you do?
Nik ez dut ezer egin! · I didn’t do
anything!
|
